Yusuf Chambers: Dr. Zakir could you further more explain that what are the particular conditions that make Zakaah or Zakaat an obligation upon the Muslims.
Dr. Zakir: Zakaat is compulsory on every Muslim irrespective whether it’s a man or a woman whether adult or minor whether sane or insane as long as he is a free citizen and he has surplus wealth or savings which has reached the Nisaab level or above it and he has that wealth or surplus amount of saving for one complete Hijri year or lunar year then Zakaat becomes compulsory on that particular Muslim and most of the time in most of the cases it is 2.5%. So basically there are few conditions required:
No. 1 that person should be a Muslim. Irrespective whether male or female, young or old, sane insane doesn’t matter…..Muslim
No. 2, he should be a free citizen
No. 3 he should be a Saheb-e-Nisaab that means he should be the soul owner of that surplus wealth. Above the basic requirement whatever saving he has got, whatever surplus he has got he should be the sole owner, it should not belong to somebody else and it should be with him for one complete lunar year or Hijri year as its mentioned in the Hadith of
Tirmidhi Hadith no. 631 our beloved Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alaihe wa sallam) said that
“Zakaat is payable on the property but natural which is surplus on the wealth which a person possesses and has with him for one year.”
And the last criteria is that Zakaat is paid from lawful earnings, it should be from Halaal earnings. As our beloved Prophet Muhammad (Sallallahu alaihe wa sallam) said, its mentioned in
Sunan Nasai (Book of Zakaat) Hadith no. 2525 where the beloved Prophet said that
“Prayer without cleanliness is not accepted. Same Zakaat without lawful earnings is not accepted.”
So the Zakaat that you give should be from lawful earnings that is the requirement.
And if it’s a minor or if it’s an insane person, the person who is the guardian of the wealth of that insane person or the minor person, he should pay Zakaat on behalf of that insane or minor person on his wealth.
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